LETTER TO HAROLD PUTHOFF FROM J. E. HEENAN

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This document is a summary of the thoughts and impressions of Dr. J.E. Heenan, the Chief Clinical Psychologist, regarding the psychological test data of six individuals. The individuals, labeled as subjects A, B, C, D, E, and F, were tested for their ability to communicate by non-ordinary means. Dr. Heenan examined the data from various psychological tests and formulated hypotheses based on the results. He ranked the individuals according to how closely they aligned with each hypothesis. His overall intuition led him to believe that subjects A, B, and C were the most likely to have high abilities in non-ordinary communication. Additional hypotheses were made for other tests, such as the MMPI and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. However, no clear patterns emerged from the results of these tests. Dr. Heenan suggested reviewing the data with the knowledge of which subjects did well in the experiments to generate further hypotheses.

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300 HOMER AVENUE, PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA 94301 ? (415) 321-4121 
3 June 1975 
Dr. Harold Puthoff . 
Stanford Research Institute 
Menlo Park, California .9025 
Dear Hal: 
? 
I have finished' going over .the psychological test data on the six subjects 
that Karen tested and this is -a summary of my thoughts, impressions, Clinical 
judgments, guesses .and comparisons of various dimensions, . It is clear that. 
there is plenty of data here that could be subjected to statistical analyses, 
and that might be worth doing. 
The six persons that Karen tested are: 
5-3 . who I have designated Subject A 
5-6Subject B 
Subject C 
- Subject D 
r- ! Subject E 
S? f - Subject F. 
?This last person would not take the T.A.T. . test and did not return the EPPS 
test, and there is not a strong vocational interest test in the file on him. 
I included:him?in the comparisons on the tests which he did take. 
What I did was formulate some hypotheses and then examine the test data, 
ranking people according to what their tests reflected on those hypotheses 
and from that arrived at -which subjects might have, according to the hypo-
thesis, a.more than ordinary ability to communicate by non-ordinary means. 
First of all, I examined all the test data rather carefully from a clinical 
psychologist's. point of view (Which of course means my point of view), and 
without any specific hypotheses, that is, my overall intuition, made guesses 
in about five minutes for each battery of tests whether or not I thought 
this person would be likely to have unusual abilities. On this basis 
I guessed subjects A, B and C as the most likely ores to have been high 
achievers in your experiments. 
The following is a series of hypotheses on the Rorschach Ink Blot Test and 
following each hypothesis are the three subjects who best fit that hypothesis 
from the test data. 
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Dr. Harold PuthoTT -2- 6/3/75 
HYPOTHESIS #1. White space responses reflect lower ability to use non-
ordinary means of communication. 
Results: Subjects A, B and C have the fewest white space responses and 
therefore, according to this hypothesis, would have the highest ability 
among this group. 
HYPOTHESIS #2. Preoccupation with minor details (Dd) will be inconsistent 
with the ability to communicate by non-ordinary means. 
Results: Subjects A, B and C reflect the least use of minor details 
in Rorschach Responses. 
HYPOTHESIS #3. Those persons with the highest percentage of human movement 
responses will be those most likely to be able to communicate by non-ordinary 
means. 
Results: Subjects C, B and H are the three highest in this regard. 
HYPOTHESIS #4. The use of instant whole responses will be greater in those 
persons with the ability to communicate by non-ordinary means. 
Results: Subjects A, B and C are the highest in this regard. 
HYPOTHESIS  #5. Using shading responses as an index for anxiety, those who 
have the most shading responses will do the least well in communicating by 
non-ordinary means. 
Results: Subjects C, F and E have the most shading responses. 
HYPOTHESIS  #6. Those subjects able to communicate best by non-ordinary 
means will tend to be more childlike in their general approach to life and 
this will be reflected by higher animal content percent on the Rorschach 
test. 
Results: Subjects D, C and F. 
HYPOTHESIS  #7. (This hypothesis is relevant to hypothesis #6.) Those subjects 
with the most animal movement responses will tend to be able to communicate 
more by non-ordinary means. 
Results: Subjects C, B and E. 
HYPOTETSIS #8. The persons who most use color in their responses will be 
most likely to be able to communicate better by non-ordinary_means.. 
Results: There is no spread among the subjects on this particular 
scoring determinant. 
Continued  
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Dr. Harold Puthoit -3-  6/3/75 
HYPOTHESIS #9. Those subjects using the most emotional determinants will be 
most likely to be able to communicate by non-ordinary means. 
Results: Subjects A, B and C have the most use of emotional determinants 
on the Rorschach Test. 
On the MMPI, the following hypotheses were checked.out?
HYPOTHESIS- #1. Subjects who show the most unusual configurations on the 
KAPI will be -Chose most likely to be able to communicate by.non-ordinary means 
?(soores above 70). 
Results: Subjects A, B and E. 
HYPOTHESIS #2. Those subjects who reflect the most emotional energy as 
measured by the Ma score will be most likely to communicate by non-ordinary 
means.? 
Results: Subjects B, A and E -- the opposite of this hypothesis is 
that those with the lowest Ma scores were subjects F, B and C. . 
HYPOTHESIS #3. Those subjects who show the most interest in human interaction 
will be most likely to do well in non-ordinary communication as measured by the 
Si score and the rank among the subjects from highest to lowest is D,C,B,E,F,A. 
Therefore, subjects B, C and D, according to this hypothesis, would be the 
successful ones. 
HYPOTHESIS #4. Those subjects showing the most depression would be least 
likely to be able to communicate by. non-ordinary means and the rank on the 
depression score among the subjects is from highest to lowest - B,C,A,E,F,D, 
with B, C and A- being the predicted least likely to do well at your tasks,. 
and subjects E, F.and D the most likely. 
The Wechsler Bellevue Intelligence Scale hypotheses were simple and easy to 
check. The first hypothesis on the results of the Wechsler is that higher 
intelligence as measured by the I.Q. score will reflect higher ability to 
communicate by non-ordinary means. Using the Full Scale I.Q. score, the 
rank from highest to lowest on I.Q. is subjects D,E,B,C,F,A. Therefore, 
D, E and B, according to this hypothesis, would be the subjects most likely 
to have succeeded. There is very little difference in the ranking in 
general, using the verbal I.Q. and the performance I.Q. Taking a closer look 
at the subtest scores of the Wechsler, the following hypotheses were checked 
out. 
HYPOTHESIS #1 on the subtest scores: Persons with the highest ability in 
visual motor coordination, as reflected by the Block Design subtest will 
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be most likely to be able to communicate by non-ordinary means. The
the Block Design subtest from high to low is D,A,B,C,E,F. 
HYPOTHESIS #2. Those with the best immediate memory as reflected by the 
Digit Span subtest will be the most likely to achieve in the non-ordinary 
communication modality. The rank for subjects from highest to lowest on 
Digit Span is A,B,C,D,C,F, with very little spread among them. 
Other aspects of the Wechsler which were specifically checked out were the 
Picture Completion subtest, the Arithmetic subtest. The rank from highest to 
lowest on Picture Completion is F,E,D,A,C,B, and the rank on the Arithmetic 
subtest is D,C,F,A,F,B. I did not have a hypothesis about these particular 
subtests since they are reflections of higher I.Q., which was already 
covered before. 
Careful review of the Strong Vocational Interest Test results, tabulating 
various scored categories and profile configuration revealed no pattern 
that separated any group of subjects from any other group of subjects. 
This, however, is a multi-dimensional test with many Variables and perhaps 
a more complex statistical analysis, such as analysis of variants, may show 
some clusters not visible to this examiner. 
On the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt test, the simple hypothesis was made that 
the higher the ability to reproduce better designs, the more likely would be 
the nerson's ability to be able to communicate by non-ordinary means. The 
Bender test results were ranked according to quality both in form, Gestalt 
and accuracy, and the following ranks were obtained. From highest to lowest, 
subjects C,A,B,D,F,F. No other evident material was reflected on the Bender 
designs. 
It appears to me that according to most of the hypotheses I came up with, 
subjects A, B and C are the most likely candidates. The results of the 
Luscher and T.A.T. tests, after careful examination, do not suggest any 
systematic means for breaking this group of six into two groups of three. 
However, on the T.A.T. subjects A, B and C appeared to this examiner to 
reflect more spontaneity and childlike exuberance for living and therefore 
might be inferred more sensitivity or awareness to non-cognitive dimensions 
of experience and therefore I think subjects A, B and C are the most likely 
ones to have done your experiments well. 
What I would like to do at this juncture, if you are interested and willing, 
if find out now which subjects did well on the experiMents and review the 
data with that knowledge to see if there is any other cluSter or kind of 
materiel that was not evident on these perusals. This might be used to 
generate some future hypotheses for testing, although I am recalling your 
having said on the phone that those who couldn't were learning how, and 
therefore apparently whatever this ability is, it is a learnable one, which 
Continued  
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of course if such communication does exist, that should be true since we all 
come with essentially the same basic equipment. I am interested in some 
feedback from you. I enjoyed working with these materials. 
Very truly yours, 
- 
? 
J. E. Heenan, Ph.D. 
Chief Clinical Psychologist 
JEH/rg, 
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Table 
Neuropsychology Test Battery 
? 
Test 
. Description 
Scoring 
Sl. 
S2 
I S3 I 
S4 ?S5: 
S6 
? Halstead Category; 
Test 
. , 
Nonverbal test requiring abstraction of conceptual relation -
ships. Score: Total errors. 
7 
14 
33 
26 
6 28 
Tactual Petformance. 
Test. . 1 
- 
. . 
Requires placements-of 10 geometrically shaped blocks in 
their correct locations on a fOrmboard while blindfolded. 
Separate RT, LT, and bimanual trials. 
Score: Total time (min.). ' 
16,4 
. 
11.8 - 
7.7 
7.7 
11.4 - 6.9 
Speech Perception 
' Test 
Discrimination of non-word speech sounds. . 
.Score: Total errors. 
4 
2 
0 
2 
5 3 
Seashore Rhythm Tst 
. . 
Discrimination of nonverbal rhythms. Score: Number correct. 
27 
25 
28 
29 
26. 29. 
. 
Finger Tapping Test 
Measure of finger oscillation rate for 10-sec. period, both 
RT and LT hand trials. Score: No. taps/10 sec. 
RT/LT 
53/50 
RT/LT 
53/49. 
RT/LT 
.48/47 
RT/LT 
54/53 
. 
RT/LT RT/LT 
? 47/47 48/43 
Trail Making Test' 
(Part A) 
Requires connecting numbered circles in order from 1 to 25. - 
.Paper and pencil task. Score: Total times (sec) 
40 
16 ' 
18 
19 
30. 27 
. . 
Trail Making.Test.i 
(Part B) ' 
Requites connecting alphabetic and numbered circles by 
'alternating 1.->A-?2-?-B,-etc.. Score: Total time (sec) 
56 
50 
55 
50 
54 53 . 
Knox Cube Test 
Measure of attention span and immediate visnalzemory. 
Score: Number correct. 
13 
14 
13 
[ 16 ' 
' 17 . 17 
Raven Progressivel 
? Matrices [ 
1 
. . 
Nonverbal intelligence test involving spatial'. matrices. 
Score: Number correct. . 
39 
53 
49 
55 
60 54 
1 
Verbal Concept 
Attainment Test 
, 
Requires abstraction of verbal conceptual relationships. 
Score: Number correct. 
_ 
22 
24 
27 
23 
21 24 
Buschke Memory Test 
. ? 
Requires learning a 20-word list in a maximum of 12 trials with 
repetition of:word/s omitted after each trial. Score: Max. no. 
words correctly remembered; List: no. words consistently remembered 
i(8-trlals)(7 
Total:? 
? 14/20 
List: 
8/20 
' 
17/20 
. 14/20 
18/20 
11/20 
19/20 
? 16/20 
20/20 20/20 
15/20 16/20. 
trials', 
. . 
' Grooved Pegboard tet 
Requires insertion of 25 pegs in their holes in a pegboara. Both. 
RT and LT hand trials. Score: Total time (sec). ?1 ' 
f 
RT/LT 
76/74 
' 
RT/LT 
69/70 
RT/LT ' 
. 58/67 
RT/LT 
59/67 
. RT/LT RT/LT 
.743500X- 48/50 
72.170 
Spatial Relationsi 
'Subtest of the PM,,A 
. . 
Requires mental rotation anchidentfcatlon.af,Li re,s, . _ 
rotated in 2 dimensions. Store: no. correct, - no. errors. . 
' - 
- 
60 52 
Gottschaldt Hidden 
Figures Test 
Requires tracing outline of :simple -figure hidden w_hin 
lines of more-complex -figure, Score:?Time_end_no..totret[i 
Poor Avg. 
v,good outst. outst. 
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