DAILY SNAP OCTOBER 18 1991

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Body:  Approved F,     a 2000/08/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000600450016-6
 Friday
 October 18, 1991
 DaiIy SNAP
 FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIVISION
 Author:  Konovalov, B. (Flight Control Cen-
 ter)
 Title:  COST OF SOVIET-AUSTRIAN CREW'S RE-
 SEARCH PROGRAMS NOTED
 Primary Source:  Izvestiya, October 4,
 1991, No. 237 (23503), p. 7, cols. 5-8
 Extract:  The docking of the spaceship "So-
 yuz TM-13" with the orbiting complex "Mir"
 proceeded successfully.  Five cosmonauts
 have begun joint work.
 The week ahead will not be an easy
 one, because time must be found for carry-
 ing out two programs at once:  a Soviet-
 Austrian program called "Austromir" and a
 republic program called "Kazakhstan--Kos-
 mos" (Kazakhstan--space).
 Kazakhstan is the second republic of
 our Union from the standpoint of territory;
 objectively, it will be unable to manage
 without space equipment in solving problems
 of communications, ecological monitoring
 and observing the condition of farmlands.
 The Kazakh Academy of Sciences has there-
 fore taken an active part in drafting the
 research program, and it has even allocated
 an extra 2 million rubles for this, despite
 hard times.
 This mission will cost Austria much
 more.  Austria must pay the Soviet Union 85
 million schillings -- about 7 million dol-
 lars -- for Franz Viehboeck's mission.  And
 this space mission will cost 230 million
 schillings when expenditures for the exten-
 sive program of 14 scientific experiments
 are taken into account.
 (SNAP 911018)
 Title:  TEXT OF TREATY ON THE ECONOMIC COM-
 MUNITY
 Primary Source:  Izvestiya, October 4,
 1991, No. 237 (23503), p. 4, cols. 1-8
 Abstract:  The full-page article is the
 text of the Treaty on the Economic Communi-
 ty which the heads of Soviet republics re-
 cently initialed.*
 A preface to the treaty states in par-
 ticular that it has been concluded by inde-
 pendent states which, aware of the advan-
 tages of economic integration and a common
 economic space and of the expediency of
 preserving economic, trade, scientific-
 technical and other relations, wish to es-
 tablish mutually-advantageous economic re-
 lations among themselves and seek drastic
 economic reforms, taking into account com-
 mon problems which these states face in
 connection with tasks for ending the cri-
 sis, transferring to a market economy and
 joining the world economy.
 The 64 paragraphs of the treaty are
 divided into 12 chapters entitled respec-
 tively:  "Basic Principles"; "Entrepreneur-
 ship"; "Movement of Goods and Services,
 Prices"; "The Money and Banking System";
 "Finances and Taxes"; "The Labor Market and
 Social Guarantees"; "Foreign Economic Rela-
 tions and Currency Policy"; "Legal Regula-
 tion of Economic Activity"; "Institutions
 of the Economic Community"; "Agreements";
 "Associate Membership in the Economic Com-
 munity"; and "Final Provisions."  Chapter
 One states in particular that the treaty is
 concluded for a period of three years and
 that the member-states of the Economic Com-
 munity created by the treaty shall decide
 the question of extending, amending or re-
 placing it not less than 12 months before
 the end of this period.  The Economic Com-
 munity is formed by independent states on
 the basis of voluntary participation and
 equal rights of all member-states, for the
 purpose of forming a unified market and
 carrying out a coordinated economic policy
 as a necessary condition for overcoming the
 crisis.
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 Paragraph 5 lists the areas in which
 the member-states of the Economic Community
 agree to reconcile their economic laws and
 carry out a coordinated policy.  They are:
 entrepreneurship; the market for goods and
 services; transport, power engineering and
 information; the money and banking system;
 finances, taxes and prices; the capital and
 securities market; the labor market; cus-
 toms rules and tariffs; foreign economic
 relations and currency policy; standardiza-
 tion, patenting, metrology, statistics and
 accounting; and state scientific-technical,
 investment, ecological, humanitarian and
 other programs (including programs for
 eliminating the consequences of natural and
 other disasters) which are of common inter-
 est to the Economic Community.  Paragraph 3
 stipulates that relations between the Eco-
 nomic Community and former states of the
 USSR which remain outside the community
 shall be structured on the basis of gener-
 ally recognized principles and norms of
 international law, and that questions of
 common interest which require settlement
 shall be decided by special agreements be-
 tween the community and the other states
 involved.
 The founding of a Banking Union on the
 principles of a reserve system is provided
 for and the functions of this union are
 listed in Chapter Four.  Article 24 pro-
 vides for creating a number of special
 funds within the framework of the Economic
 Community's budget, including a fund for
 targeted programs and a fund for emergency
 situations and eliminating the consequences
 of natural and other disasters.  Chapter
 Nine stipulates, among other things, that a
 council of heads of governments of the mem-
 ber-states shall be the highest coordinat-
 ing agency of the Economic Community.  The
 functions of an Interstate Economic Commit-
 tee operating as the executive-managerial
 agency of the community are defined.  Chap-
 ter Ten lists specific questions in regard
 to which agreements among the member-states
 shall be concluded after the treaty is
 signed.  Chapter Twelve contains provisions
 in regard to sanctions against member-
 states which violate the treaty, procedures
 for ratification of the treaty and special
 agreements within its framework, and admis-
 sion of new member-states and states with
 observer status to the Economic Community.
 Article 64 stipulates that the treaty shall
 go into effect after being signed and rati-
 fied by at least three of the states which
 wish to join the community.
 *See the Daily SNAP, October 17, 1991,
 3, col. 1
 (SNAP 911018)
 Author:  Volkov, 0.
 Title:  SCIENTISTS DIVIDED OVER VALIDITY OF
 PSYCHOLOGICAL-WEAPONS R&D
 Primary Source:  Komsomolskaya pravda, Sep-
 tember 27, 1991, No. 222 (20222), p. 2,
 cols. 2-4
 Abstract:  The article reports on contro-
 versy over research of unconventional phys-
 ical fields and military applications of
 this work.  Some scientists are said to be-
 lieve that 'psychotronic generators' based
 on new physical principles can .fTa~us_
 e  or
 remote control-of peop e s minds and behav-
 ior, and that original weapons for this
 .purp_osecan be developed on the basis of
 generators of "spinor (torsion)" or "micro-
 lepton" fields, in particular.                                                      Other sci-
 entists are highly skeptical of such re-
 search.
 It is recalled that a resolution enti-
 tled "On the Unsound Practice of Financing
 Pseudoscientific Research out of State
 Sources" was published, together with an
 opinion submitted by the USSR Academy of
 Sciences' department of general physics and
 astronomy, on July 4 of this year.  The
 USSR Supreme Soviet's Committee on Science
 and Technologies issued this resolution.
 It accused several ministries of spending,
 without a proper__e?Xpert review, half    it -
 lion rubles on pseudoscientific and anti-
 scientific developments involving spinor.or
 microlepton fields with which s-i niis s
 are already familiar.  The resolution named
 the USSR Ministry of Defense (Minoborony),
 the USSR Ministry of Nuclear Power Engi-
 neering and Industry, the USSR State Secur-
 ity Committee (KGB) and the USSR Cabinet of
 Ministers' Military-Industrial Commission
 as clients and sponsors of this work.  More
 than 20 institutes were identified as exec-
 utors and developers.  First on this list
 was the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences' In-
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 't to of Materials-Science Problems,
 which is headed by academician Tre i ov.
 The interagency scientific-technical center
 "Vent"  former the Center for Unconven-
 tional Techno o f es o  t e  S`SR St-a-teCom-
 mittee for Science and Techno ogy  was --
 identified as t e country's  c ie      -f'rm
 engaged in developments in the area of un-
 conventional fields.   According to unveri-
 fied data from A. Akimov, director o   s
 center, the cost of unconventional-field
 projects has been 23 million rubles in in-
 o_borony's sector alone, while the overall
 amount which has been allocated for such
 research through all of the different chan-
 nels is as great as 500 million rubles.
 Seeking more information about uncon-
 ventional-fields research and the purposes
 of this research, the author spoke to an
 associate of the USSR Supreme Soviet's Com-
 mittee on Science and Technologies and sub-
 sequently went to the armed forces' General
 Staff.  He was told that the committee had
 received no information in this regard from
 Minoborony, the KGB or other agencies in-
 volved.  Representatives of the General
 Staff referred the author to the USSR Acad-
 emy of Sciences' Section on Problems of Ap-
 plied Science.  Nikolay Prudnikov, deputy
 chairman of this section, said that it
 sometimes orders projects to be carried out
 for the General Staff, but he disclosed no
 details of this work.  One such project,
 which was called "bezlichiye"  de-individ-
 ualization), is mentioned.  It is reca  e
 that in 1986, a scientific research insti-
 tute informed the academy's section that
 the institute was prepared to carry out
 this project.  An associate of the section
 who knew more about the project was not
 available for questioning, however.  At the
 "Vent" center, the author was told that di-
 rector Akimov was away on a business trip.
 Ye. Aleksandrov, corres ondin  member
 ,of the USSR Academy o  Sciences and a sci-
 entific opponent of Akimov's, sent the au-
 thor a report of the Center for Unconven-
 tional Technologies.           According to this
 document, the center is engaged in research
 of long-distance production of medical-bio-
 logical and psychop  sical effects on
 troops and the population, using torsion
 radiations; and also in research of medi-
 cal 6o ilojca1 'protection of troops and
 anthe
 population against effects of such radia-
 tions.  Aleksandrov expressed doubt that
 e  iue moment   able of produj~g_ such
 effects
 can be developed.  A letter which the edi-
 tors received from Aleksandrov is quoted,
 in which the scientist denounced research
 of unconventional fields as pseudoscien-
 tific, citing a decision of the academy's
 department of general physics and astrono-
 my.  Aleksandrov went so far as to accuse
 state enterprises of producing fake "field
 generators" and selling them to defense
 agencies for large sums.
 Scientists who hold opposing views of
 unconventional-fields research reportedly
 include V. Kaznacheyev, who is believed to
 be -working in this direction for the de-
 fense complex and has signed an interna-
 tional convention on the non-use of "mental
 weapons"; A. Veynik, corresponding member
 of the Belorussian Academy of Sciences, who
 has put forward a number of theories; and
 other academy figures, who have published
 works abroad.  The author suggests that the
 Academy of Sciences organize a roundtable
 discussion on the topic of psychological
 weapons, with all sides in the controversy
 represented.
 (SNAP 911018)
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 Attn:  Edward Humphrys
 WPAFB, OH 45433-6508
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 ernment agencies and their designated con-
 tractors.
 Approved For Release 2000/08/09 : CIA-RDP96-00792R000600450016-6